02956nas a2200337   4500008004100000020001400041245006500055210006400120300000800184490000700192520199500199100002302194700002202217700002002239700002402259700002302283700001902306700002202325700002202347700002202369700002202391700002002413700001902433700001802452700001702470700002202487700002102509700002002530700002402550856004402574       2012                        eng d  a1471-222900aComparative mapping in the Fagaceae and beyond with EST-SSRs0 aComparative mapping in the Fagaceae and beyond with ESTSSRs  a1530 v123 aBACKGROUND:Genetic markers and linkage mapping are basic prerequisites for comparative genetic analyses, QTL detection and map-based cloning. A large number of mapping populations have been developed for oak, but few gene-based markers are available for constructing integrated genetic linkage maps and comparing gene order and QTL location across related species.RESULTS:We developed a set of 573 expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) and located 397 markers (EST-SSRs and genomic SSRs) on the 12 oak chromosomes (2n=2x=24) on the basis of Mendelian segregation patterns in 5 full-sib mapping pedigrees of two species: Quercus robur (pedunculate oak) and Quercus petraea (sessile oak). Consensus maps for the two species were constructed and aligned. They showed a high degree of macrosynteny between these two sympatric European oaks. We assessed the transferability of EST-SSRs to other Fagaceae genera and a subset of these markers was mapped in Castanea sativa, the European chestnut. Reasonably high levels of macrosynteny were observed between oak and chestnut. We also obtained diversity statistics for a subset of EST-SSRs, to support further population genetic analyses with gene-based markers. Finally, based on the orthologous relationships between the oak, Arabidopsis, grape, poplar, Medicago, and soybean genomes and the paralogous relationships between the 12 oak chromosomes, we propose an evolutionary scenario of the 12 oak chromosomes from the eudicot ancestral karyotype.CONCLUSIONS:This study provides map locations for a large set of EST-SSRs in two oak species of recognized biological importance in natural ecosystems. This first step toward the construction of a gene-based linkage map will facilitate the assignment of future genome scaffolds to pseudo-chromosomes. This study also provides an indication of the potential utility of new gene-based markers for population genetics and comparative mapping within and beyond the Fagaceae.1 aBodenes, Catherine1 aChancerel, Emilie1 aGailing, Oliver1 aVendramin, Giovanni1 aBagnoli, Francesca1 aDurand, Jerome1 aGoicoechea, Pablo1 aSoliani, Carolina1 aVillani, Fiorella1 aMattioni, Claudia1 aKoelewijn, Hans1 aMurat, Florent1 aSalse, Jerome1 aRoussel, Guy1 aBoury, Christophe1 aAlberto, Florian1 aKremer, Antoine1 aPlomion, Christophe  uhttps://quercus.myspecies.info/node/142