00609nas a2200169 4500008004100000245012100041210006900162300001400231490000800245100002600253700002300279700003400302700002600336700001800362700001500380856004400395 2013 eng d00aSeed-mediated connectivity among fragmented populations of Quercus castanea (Fagaceae) in a Mexican landscape0 aSeedmediated connectivity among fragmented populations of iQuerc a1663-16710 v1001 aHerrera-Arroyo, Luisa1 aSork, Victoria, L.1 aGonzález-Rodríguez, Antonio1 aRocha-Ramirez, Victor1 aVega, Ernesto1 aOyama, Ken uhttps://quercus.myspecies.info/node/15502309nas a2200157 4500008004100000245009900041210006900140260002000209300001100229490000700240520180100247100002102048700001702069700002102086856004402107 2012 eng d00aGenetic evidence for hybridization in red oaks (Quercus sect. Lobatae, Fagaceae)0 aGenetic evidence for hybridization in red oaks iQuercus isect iL cJanuary 1, 2012 a92-1000 v993 a• Premise of the study: Hybridization is pervasive in many plant taxa, with consequences for species taxonomy, local adaptation, and management. Oaks (Quercus spp.) are thought to hybridize readily yet retain distinct traits, drawing into question the biological species concept for such taxa, but the true extent of gene flow is controversial. Genetic data are beginning to shed new light on this issue, but red oaks (section Lobatae), an important component of North American forests, have largely been neglected. Moreover, gene flow estimates may be sensitive to the choice of life stage, marker type, or genetic structure statistic.• Methods: We coupled genetic structure data with parentage analyses for two mixed-species stands in North Carolina. Genetic structure analyses of adults (including FST, RST, G’ST, and structure) reflect long-term patterns of gene flow, while the percentage of seedlings with parents of two different species reflect current levels of gene flow.• Key results: Genetic structure analyses revealed low differentiation in microsatellite allele frequencies between co-occurring species, suggesting past gene flow. However, methods differed in their sensitivity to differentiation, indicating a need for caution when drawing conclusions from a single method. Parentage analyses identifed >20% of seedlings as potential hybrids. The species examined exhibit distinct morphologies, suggesting selection against intermediate phenotypes.• Conclusions: Our results suggest that hybridization between co-occurring red oaks occurs, but that selection may limit introgression, especially at functional loci. However, by providing a source of genetic variation, hybridization could influence the response of oaks and other hybridizing taxa to environmental change.1 aMoran, Emily, V.1 aWillis, John1 aClark, James, S. uhttps://quercus.myspecies.info/node/14802475nas a2200157 4500008004100000245011300041210006900154260002100223300001200244490000700256520194600263100002702209700002202236700001502258856004402273 2011 eng d00aConservation biogeography of red oaks (Quercus, section Lobatae) in Mexico and Central America0 aConservation biogeography of red oaks iQuercusi section iLobatae cFebruary 1, 2011 a290-3050 v983 a* Premise of the study: Oaks are dominant trees and key species in many temperate and subtropical forests in the world. In this study, we analyzed patterns of distribution of red oaks (Quercus, section Lobatae) occurring in Mexico and Central America to determine areas of species richness and endemism to propose areas of conservation. * Methods: Patterns of richness and endemism of 75 red oak species were analyzed using three different units. Two complementarity algorithms based on species richness and three algorithms based on species rarity were used to identify important areas for conservation. A simulated annealing analysis was performed to evaluate and formulate effective new reserves for red oaks that are useful for conserving the ecosystems associated with them after the systematic conservation planning approach. * Key results: Two main centers of species richness were detected. The northern Sierra Madre Oriental and Serranias Meridionales of Jalisco had the highest values of endemism. Fourteen areas were considered as priorities for conservation of red oak species based on the 26 priority political entities, 11 floristic units and the priority grid-cells obtained in the complementarity analysis. In the present network of Natural Protected Areas in Mexico and Central America, only 41.3% (31 species) of the red oak species are protected. The simulated annealing analysis indicated that to protect all 75 species of red oaks, 12 current natural protected areas need to be expanded by 120000 ha of additional land, and 26 new natural protected areas with 512500 ha need to be created. * Conclusions: Red oaks are a useful model to identify areas for conservation based on species richness and endemism as a result of their wide geographic distribution and a high number of species. We evaluated and reformulated new reserves for red oaks that are also useful for the conservation of ecosystems associated with them.1 aTorres-Miranda, Andres1 aLuna-Vega, Isolda1 aOyama, Ken uhttps://quercus.myspecies.info/node/13902106nas a2200145 4500008004100000245011300041210006900154260002100223300001400244490000700258520160600265100002401871700002101895856004401916 2010 eng d00aPollen-mediated gene flow in isolated and continuous stands of bur oak, Quercus macrocarpa (Fagaceae)0 aPollenmediated gene flow in isolated and continuous stands of bu cDecember 1, 2010 a1999-20060 v973 a* Premise of the study: Pollination patterns determine the reproductive neighborhood size of plants, the connectivity of populations, and the impacts of habitat fragmentation. We characterized pollination in three populations of Quercus macrocarpa occurring in a highly altered landscape in northeastern Illinois to determine whether isolated remnant stands were reproductively isolated. * Methods: We used microsatellites to genotype all adults and 787 acorns from two isolated savanna remnants and a stand in an old-growth forest. One isolated remnant occurred in a highly urbanized/industrialized landscape, and one occurred in an agricultural landscape. Parentage assignment was used to assess pollen-mediated gene flow. * Key results: Pollen donors from outside the study sites accounted for between 46% and 53% of paternities and did not differ significantly among sites, indicating that similar high levels of gene flow occurred at all three sites. Within stands, the mean pollination distance ranged from 42 to 70 meters, and when accounting for outside pollinations, mean pollination distances were well over 100 meters. Genetic diversity of incoming pollen was extremely high in all three stands. The number of effective pollen donors, Nep, calculated from paternity assignment was higher than that estimated by an indirect correlated paternity approach. * Conclusions: Our findings indicate that extremely isolated stands of oaks are unlikely to be genetically and reproductively isolated, and remnant stands may contribute to maintaining genetic connectivity in highly modified landscapes.1 aCraft, Kathleen, J.1 aAshley, Mary, V. uhttps://quercus.myspecies.info/node/123