02289nas a2200265   4500008004100000245013400041210006900175300001200244490000700256520147500263653001401738653002801752653001701780653001801797653002001815653001201835100002601847700003001873700001501903700001601918700001301934700002101947700001201968856004301980       2005                        eng d00aGene flow and hybridisation in a mixed oak forest (Quercus pyrenaica Willd. and Quercus petraea (Matts.) Liebl.) in central Spain0 aGene flow and hybridisation in a mixed oak forest Quercus pyrena  a457-4650 v953 aOaks are long-standing models for the study of gene flow and hybridisation. Temperate (Quercus petraea) and sub-Mediterranean (Quercus pyrenaica) oaks coexist in central Spain, showing remarkable differences in population size and structure. Q. petraea has a scattered distribution in central Spain, where it is at one of the southernmost limits of its range, and forms low-density stands; in contrast, Q. pyrenaica is widespread in the region. We selected a mixed population of the two species (approx13 ha, 176 adults and 96 saplings) to compare the patterns of gene flow within each species and the extent of introgression between them. Using five nuclear microsatellite markers, we performed a parentage analysis and found considerable immigration from outside the stand (approx38% for Q. petraea and approx34% for Q. pyrenaica), and estimated average seed-dispersal distances of 42 and 14 m for Q. petraea and Q. pyrenaica, respectively. Introgression between species was also estimated using our microsatellite battery. First, we developed a multivariate discriminant approach and, second, we compared our results with a widely used clustering method (STRUCTURE). Both analyses were consistent with a low level of introgression between Q. petraea and Q. pyrenaica. Indeed, only 15 adult trees, approx8.5%, were identified as putative hybrids when both methods of analysis were combined. Hybrids may be most common in contact zones due merely to physical proximity.10agene flow10agenetic differentiation10ahybrid zones10aintrogression10amicrosatellites10aQuercus1 aValbuena-Carabana, M.1 aGonzalez-Martinez, S., C.1 aSork, V.L.1 aCollada, C.1 aSOTO, A.1 aGoicoechea, P.G.1 aGil, L.  uhttps://quercus.myspecies.info/node/3602042nas a2200217   4500008004100000245014300041210006900184260000900253300001400262490000800276520134000284100002501624700001701649700001401666700002101680700001901701700001601720700001301736700001501749856006001764       2004                        eng d00aGenome Scanning for Interspecific Differentiation Between Two Closely Related Oak Species [Quercus robur L. and Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl.]0 aGenome Scanning for Interspecific Differentiation Between Two Cl  c2004  a1615-16260 v1683 aInterspecific differentiation values (GST) between two closely related oak species (Quercus petraea and Q. robur) were compiled across different studies with the aim to explore the distribution of differentiation at the genome level. The study was based on a total set of 389 markers (isozymes, AFLPs, SCARs, microsatellites, and SNPs) for which allelic frequencies were estimated in pairs of populations sampled throughout the sympatric distribution of the two species. The overall distribution of GST values followed an L-shaped curve with most markers exhibiting low species differentiation (GST < 0.01) and only a few loci reaching >10% levels. Twelve percent of the loci exhibited significant GST deviations to neutral expectations, suggesting that selection contributed to species divergence. Coding regions expressed higher differentiation than noncoding regions. Among the 389 markers, 158 could be mapped on the 12 linkage groups of the existing Q. robur genetic map. Outlier loci with large GST values were distributed over 9 linkage groups. One cluster of three outlier loci was found within 0.51 cM; but significant autocorrelation of GST was observed at distances <2 cM. The size and distribution of genomic regions involved in species divergence are discussed in reference to hitchhiking effects and disruptive selection.1 aScotti-Saintagne, C.1 aMariette, S.1 aPorth, I.1 aGoicoechea, P.G.1 aBarreneche, T.1 aBodenes, C.1 aBurg, K.1 aKremer, A.  uhttp://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/abstract/168/3/1615