@article {113,
	title = {Genetic relationships between three species of oaks as determined by common garden studies with populations from Michigan, Indiana and Wisconsin},
	journal = {Journal of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science},
	volume = {65},
	year = {1991},
	note = {199293076937METHODSsampled 4 populations of Q. velutina, 6 of Q. rubra (s.l.), and 2 of Q. ellipsoidalis (as Q. coccinea {\textendash} presumes by this point that Q. ellipsoidalis is not distinct from Q. coccinea). Collected 24 viable acorns from each parent tree. Note: "The populations from Indiana with parent trees from central and northern Indiana were considered as one population for statistical purposes." Morphological characters of seedlings analyzed using ANOVA, Duncan{\textquoteright}s multiple range and multiple F test; only reports morphological characters showing statistical differences. DISCUSSION Found significant differences between northern small-acorn varieties of black oak and Hill{\textquoteright}s Oak. Hill{\textquoteright}s oak populations are generally most similar to other Hill{\textquoteright}s oak populations, but there is a "close relationship between the small acorn Black oak population at Indian River and the [Hill{\textquoteright}s] oak population at Grayling. Field observations by the author of these populations and their morphological variability suggest probable introgression between the two species in this part of Michigan."},
	month = {1991},
	pages = {71-74},
	abstract = {Twelve populations of oaks of three species from Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin [USA] were tested under "common garden" in East Lansing, Michigan. The populations consisted of four Black oak (Quercus velutina), two of northern Scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea) formerly known as Hill oak (Quercus ellipsoidalis), and six populations of Red oak including both Quercus rubra and Quercus rubra v. borealis. Local genetic variation was found within eleven of the twelve populations. One population represented a hybrid swarm between Quercus rubra v. borealis and Quercus velutina. When species populations were compared using a Summation of Differences index, it was found that Black oak populations showed evidence of a genetic cline from Indiana to its northern range limits in Michigan. The two northern Scarlet oak populations from Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin and Grayling, Michigan were genetically very similar. A close relationship was found between the Grayling, Michigan Scarlet oak and the small acorn northern form of Black oak from nearby Indian River, Michigan. This was considered to be an example of introgression between these two species as also suggested by field studies in this part of Michigan.},
	keywords = {-BOREALIS-POPULATION-GENETICS-GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION-USA, -Genetics: Population-Studies, [26070-] Fagaceae-, Angiospermae-, Dicots-, Dicotyledones-, Ecology-: Environmental-Sciences, Fagaceae-: Angiosperms-, Forestry-, Genetics-, Plantae-, Plants-, Population, QUERCUS-VELUTINA-QUERCUS-COCCINEA-QUERCUS-ELLIPSOIDALIS-QUERCUS-RUBRA-VAR, Spermatophyta-, Spermatophytes-, Vascular-Plants},
	author = {Overlease, W.R.}
}
@article {55,
	title = {The occurrence of the scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea in northern Illinois},
	journal = {Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science},
	volume = {84 (Suppl. 35) (Abstract).},
	year = {1991},
	month = {1991},
	author = {Shepard, D.A.}
}
